The fourth step is Pranayama. Pranayama is a conscious prolongation of inhalation, retention and exhalation. The aim of pranayama is to inspire, infuse, control, regulate and balance the prana shakti (vital energy) in the body. It is essential for the purification of the mind. Pranayama is controlling the normal breathing cycle. The lungs need to be kept clean and free from bacterial diseases by an efficient circulation of blood and lymph. Pranayama increases digestion, vitality, vigour, perception and memory. The most suitable time for Pranayama is the morning hours before the dawn when the atmosphere is clean and peaceful, free from dust and full of pure air. Inhalation is an active expansion of the chest by which the lungs are filled with fresh air. Exhalation is normal and passive recoil of the elastic chest wall. There are about 50 types of Pranayama. No.1-Nadisodhana Pranayama:- The term Nadisodhana means the purification of the nerves. Sit in any comfortable posture, (Padmasana, or Sukhasana) keeping the body erect but without any stiffness. Close your left nostril with your thumb and fill in the breath through the right nostril. After full inhalation, close the right nostril and exhale slowly and steadily through the left nostril. When the lungs feel completely empty, hold the breath for a few seconds and slowly inhale through the same (left) nostril. When the lungs are full block the left nostril completely, then lift the thump from the right nostril and exhale slowly repeat the process for ten to fifteen minutes. Relax.
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